8 3 GA is a complex interplay of complement, inflammation, and angiogenic pathways Human Genetics Complement Smoking Age Diabetes Advanced AMD/GA Inflammation NLRP3 inflammasome, IL- 1 β, IL-6 Hypoxia, lipid metabolism VEGF This interplay drives both GA and neovascular AMD, which may co-exist within the same patient or eye— emphasizing the need for therapeutic strategies that address multiple mechanisms