17 Intellectual Property We strive to protect and enhance the proprietary technology, inventions and improvements that are commercially important to our business, including seeking, maintaining and defending patent rights. We seek to protect our proprietary position by, among other methods, filing patent applications in the United States and in jurisdictions outside of the United States related to our proprietary technology, inventions, improvements, and product candidates that are important to the development and implementation of our business. We also rely on trade secrets and know-how relating to our proprietary technology and product candidates and continuing innovation to develop, strengthen and maintain our proprietary position in the field. Although we are not party to any material in-license agreements as of the date of this Annual Report, we may in the future pursue in-licensing opportunities to strengthen our proprietary position in the field. We additionally rely on data exclusivity, market exclusivity, and patent term extensions when available, and may seek and rely on regulatory protection afforded through orphan drug designations. Our commercial success may depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent and other proprietary protection for our technology, inventions, and improvements; to preserve the confidentiality of our trade secrets; to defend and enforce our proprietary rights, including our patents; and to operate without infringing the valid and enforceable patents and other proprietary rights of third parties. We have prosecuted numerous patents and patent applications and possess know-how and trade secrets relating to the development and commercialization of our ABC Platform, tarcocimab, KSI-501 or KSI-101, including related manufacturing processes and technology. As of December 31, 2025, we were the assignee of record for approximately 15 U.S. issued patents, and the applicant for approximately 20 U.S. pending patent applications and seven pending PCT applications directed to certain of our proprietary technology, inventions, and improvements and our most advanced product candidates. In addition, 54 patents are issued in jurisdictions outside of the United States and 88 patent applications are pending in jurisdictions outside of the United States, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Europe, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Macau, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa and South Korea. In many cases, these patents and patent applications in jurisdictions outside of the United States are counterparts to the foregoing U.S. patents and patent applications. For example, these patents and patent applications include claims directed to: • therapeutic proteins and biologically active agents conjugated to a biopolymer; • specific therapeutics; and • components of our therapeutics. In the normal course of business, we intend to pursue, when possible, composition, method of use, dosing and formulation patent protection, as well as manufacturing and drug development processes and technology. The patents and patent applications we have filed outside of the United States are in Europe, Japan and various other jurisdictions. Individual patents extend for varying periods of time, depending upon the date of filing of the patent application, the date of patent issuance, and the legal term of patents in the countries in which they are obtained. Generally, patents issued for applications filed in the United States are effective for 20 years from the earliest effective filing date. In addition, in certain instances, a patent term can be extended to recapture a portion of the term effectively lost as a result of the FDA regulatory review period. The restoration period cannot be longer than five years and the total patent term, including the restoration period, must not exceed 14 years following FDA approval. The duration of patents outside of the United States varies in accordance with provisions of applicable local law, but typically is also 20 years from the earliest effective filing date. Our issued U.S. patents will expire on dates ranging from 2027 to 2040. If patents are issued on our pending patent applications, the resulting patents are projected to expire on dates ranging from 2030 to 2045. However, the actual protection afforded by a patent varies on a product-by-product basis, from country-to-country, and depends upon many factors, including the type of patent, the scope of its coverage, the availability of regulatory-related extensions, the availability of legal remedies in a particular country and the validity and enforceability of the patent. As of December 31, 2025, we have a total of 36 pending trademark applications and issued trademark registrations. These include four trademark registrations and four pending trademark applications in the United States, and 27 trademark registrations and one pending trademark application in jurisdictions outside of the United States. Of the trademark registrations in jurisdictions outside of the United States, 17 are in China, two are in each of the European Union, Japan and the United Kingdom, and one is in each of Canada, India, Singapore and Switzerland. The pending trademark application in a jurisdiction outside of the United States is in Canada. We also may rely, in some circumstances, on trade secrets to protect our technology. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. We seek to protect our technology and product candidates, in part, by entering into confidentiality agreements with those who have access to our confidential information, including our employees, contractors, consultants, collaborators and advisors. We also seek to preserve the integrity and confidentiality of our proprietary technology and processes by maintaining physical security of our premises and physical and electronic security of our information technology systems. Although we have confidence in these individuals, organizations and systems, agreements or security measures may be breached and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach. In addition, our