1 PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS Overview Since its founding in 2009, Kodiak Sciences Inc. (“Kodiak,” the “Company,” “we” or “our”) has developed a new technology platform, the Antibody Biopolymer Conjugate (“ABC”) platform, for retinal medicines. Our goal is to prevent and treat the major causes of blindness by developing and commercializing next-generation therapeutics to address multiple unmet needs on the spectrum of retinal diseases. Kodiak has developed three late-stage clinical programs based on its internal discovery and development engine. The lead investigational medicine, tarcocimab tedromer (“Zenkuda” or “KSI-301” or “tarcocimab”), is an anti-VEGF therapy built on Kodiak's proprietary ABC platform. Zenkuda has a mean ocular half-life in humans of 20 days, approximately three times longer than approved anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ("VEGF") therapies, and is designed to maintain effective drug levels in ocular tissues for longer. Zenkuda is being developed as a mainstay intravitreal biologic monotherapy that provides high immediacy, driven by the enhanced formulation, and high durability, driven by the ABC platform and our science of durability, with the ultimate objective of providing, once approved, a flexible 1-month through 6-month label for all patients with retinal vascular disease (treatment-naïve, treatment-experienced, mild patients and severe patients). Zenkuda has completed four successful Phase 3 pivotal studies: the Phase 3 GLOW1 and GLOW2 studies in diabetic retinopathy ("DR"), the Phase 3 BEACON study in retinal vein occlusion ("RVO"), and the Phase 3 DAYLIGHT study in wet AMD. In the GLOW1 and GLOW2 studies, Zenkuda successfully treated DR patients and prevented disease progression with 100% of patients on extended 6-month dosing at Year 1. In the BEACON study, during the first 6 months, Zenkuda-treated patients were dosed at 8-week intervals (as opposed to 4-week intervals for aflibercept). In the second 6 months, identical retreatment criteria were used for the Zenkuda and aflibercept arms, and nearly half of Zenkuda patients did not require any treatment while achieving similar vision and anatomical outcomes as the aflibercept group at one year. In the DAYLIGHT study, Zenkuda demonstrated non-inferior efficacy results and compelling safety and tolerability at a once-monthly dosing interval. Zenkuda is currently being studied in the Phase 3 DAYBREAK study in wet AMD, the final anticipated Phase 3 study in the program. In DAYBREAK, patients are treated on an every 1-month through every 6-month treatment interval, depending on an AI-driven assessment of disease activity. DAYBREAK has completed enrollment. DAYBREAK uses Zenkuda’s enhanced commercial 50 mg/mL formulation containing both conjugated and unconjugated antibody that is intended to balance immediacy and durability. Topline results for the DAYBREAK one-year primary endpoint are expected in 3Q 2026. Kodiak’s second investigational medicine, KSI-501, is an anti-interleukin 6, or IL-6, VEGF-trap bispecific therapy built on the ABC platform and is being developed for high prevalence retinal vascular diseases and intended to address the leading unmet needs of extended durability and targeting disease biology beyond VEGF for differentiated efficacy. KSI-501 is designed to provide high immediacy/efficacy, driven by the enhanced formulation, and high durability, driven by the ABC platform and our science of durability. In preclinical models, KSI-501 was shown to be a potent inhibitor of VEGF and IL-6 and, further, was shown to normalize the blood retinal barrier, opening up the possibility that KSI-501 may be a disease- modifying therapy for retinal vascular diseases. Furthermore, higher intraocular levels of IL-6 correlated with poorer best corrected visual acuity (“BCVA”) outcomes over time in wet AMD patients treated with anti-VEGF monotherapy, which may indicate that IL-6 inhibition in combination with anti-VEGF therapy could lead to improved outcomes. Kodiak has advanced KSI-501 into the Phase 3 study DAYBREAK to evaluate its efficacy and safety in wet AMD. DAYBREAK has completed enrollment. DAYBREAK uses KSI-501's enhanced 50 mg/mL formulation containing both conjugated and unconjugated antibody that is intended to balance immediacy and durability. Topline results for the DAYBREAK one-year primary endpoint are expected in 3Q 2026. Kodiak’s third investigational medicine, KSI-101, is a high strength (100 mg/mL) bispecific protein targeting IL-6 and VEGF. We are developing KSI-101 for patients with macular edema (retinal fluid) secondary to inflammation ("MESI"). MESI is a heterogenous group of diseases that clinically present with macular edema and visual impairment which are caused by a common pathophysiology–inflammation and blood retinal barrier disruption. The clinical presentation of retinal fluid and visual impairment is a mainstay in these patients, irrespective of the location of the inflammation inside of the eye (anterior, intermediate, posterior, or all intraocular compartments) or the specific etiology (defined autoimmune associated, idiopathic, post-procedural, or inflammatory choroidal neovascularization). Currently there are no available intravitreal biologic therapies addressing the spectrum of MESI diseases. We believe that MESI represents a new market segment separate from the established anti-VEGF market. Our completed dose-finding Phase 1b study APEX evaluated KSI- 101 in two cohorts, Cohort 1 in patients with diabetic macular edema ("DME") and Cohort 2 in patients with MESI. APEX indicated that KSI-101 provided meaningful visual and anatomical gains in both DME and MESI and that KSI-101 was well tolerated. Meaningful treatment responses were seen in the MESI population, irrespective of the location of inflammation and