Technologies being explored in clinical trials, including implants and gene therapies, are engineering for high durability but are lacking immediacy Maintenance agents to be used in subset of patients but always relying on mainstay biologics to (re)establish disease control • Engineering for durability • Long-term safety unknown Implants • Engineering for durability • Onerous monitoring and inflammation control • Long-term safety unknown Gene Therapies Implants and gene therapies are being tested on top of mainstay biologics , which are given during the loading phase and then as needed during the maintenance phase . 19