Kodiak Sciences Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (in thousands, except share and per share data) 99 As of December 31, 2023, future contractua t l obligations related to these manufact f ur t ing agreements that may be subj u ect to cancellation fees, was $15.4 million. This amount represents our minimal contractua t l obligations, excluding the commitments under the Ursus Facility arrangement. Purchases under these manufact f ur t ing agreements for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $59.7 million, $47.4 million and $31.8 million, respectively. In addition, future manufac f turing contractua t l obligations totaling approximately 123.0 million Swiss Francs may be incurred for the potential clinical and commercial suppl u y of tarcocimab a and other antibody biopolymer conjugates medicines based on the agreements with Lonza for production at the Ursus Facility. Othe t r Fundin d g Commitmentst In the normal course of business, the Company enters into agreements with third-parties for services to be provided to the Company. Generally, these agreements provide for termination upon notice, with specifie f d amounts due upon termination based on the timing of termination and the terms of the agreement. The actual amounts and timing of payments under these agreements are uncertain and contingent upon the initiation and completion of services to be provided to the Company. The Company has also entered into various cancellabl a e license agreements for certain technology. The Company may be obligated to make payments on future sales of specified products associated with such license agreements. Such payments are dependent on future product sales and are not estimabl a e. Legal e Proceedin d gs From time to time, the Company may become involved in legal proceedings arising from the ordinary course of its business. Management is currently not aware of any matters that could have a material adverse effe f ct on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company records a legal liability when it believes that it is both probabl a e that a liability may be imputed, and the amount of the liabi a lity can be reasonabl a y estimated. Significant judgment by the Company is required to determine both probabi a lity and the estimated amount. Indemnific f atio t n To the extent permitted under Delaware law, the Company has agreed to indemnify f its directors and offi f cers for certain events or occurrences while the director or offi f cer is, or was serving, at the Company’s request in such capacity. The indemnific f ation period covers all pertinent events and occurrences during the director’s or offi f cer’s service. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnific f ation agreements is not specified in the agreements; however, the Company has director and offi f cer insurance coverage that reduces its exposure and enables the Company to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnific f ation agreements in excess of applicable insurance coverage is minimal. 9. Income Taxes The components of loss before income taxes were as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Year Ended December 31, 2021 United States $ (143,256) $ (163,240) $ (46,590) Foreign (117,176) (170,550) (220,326) Total loss before income taxes $ (260,432) $ (333,790) $ (266,916) The provision (benefit) f for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):